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Companions of William the Conqueror
William the Conqueror had men of diverse standing and origins under his command at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, along with others completing his Norman conquest of England until after the Harrying of the North and before the Anarchy.
The term "Companions of the Conqueror" in the widest sense signifies those who planned, organised and joined with William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, in the great adventure which was the Norman Conquest of England (1066–1071). The term is however more narrowly defined as those nobles who actually fought with Duke William in the Battle of Hastings.〔As for example defined by ''Cokayne's Complete Peerage,'' revised edition, vol. 12, postscript to Appendix L, pp.47-48: "Companions of the Conqueror"〕 This article is concerned with the latter narrow definition.
==Proof versus legend==
Many ancient English families of Norman origin have claimed amongst their ancestors a participant at the Battle of Hastings as a matter of great pride giving them legitimacy in the higher echelons of the British aristocracy. The large majority of these claims are based on legend and cannot be proven by historical evidence.
Many hundreds of Norman, Breton, Flemish and other nobles of varying degrees certainly fought with the Duke at Hastings, yet the fact remains that the names of only 15 of these are recorded in contemporary historical sources considered to be unimpeachable.〔Douglas (1959) states the number of proven companions to be less than 35, but does not list them: "Express evidence vouching the presence of particular persons at Hastings can be found in the case of less than 35 persons.", p.227, footnote 2〕 This very select group is therefore known as the "Proven Companions," 〔Cokayne's Peerage, op.cit.〕 as distinct from the several hundred "Likely," "Probable" or "Possible" Companions. Many lists and "rolls" of so-called Companions have been drawn up over the ages, and continue so to be, yet the three unimpeachable sources remain as follows:
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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